STM 2018 — Questão 20 · Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

Text CB3A1AAA

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1$$ Software development is a complex problem-solving

behavior. Cognitive models, which are descriptive in nature,

provide insight into the mental processes used by developers

4 engaged in software development. The foundation of these

mental processes are plans, stereotypic solutions to problems.

Problem solving is the act of applying and tailoring plans to fit

7 a new problem. Generalized and externalized plans are referred

to as patterns.

Software methods provide a structure for mental

10 processes by prescribing a specific set of processes and

associated outcomes. This sequence of processes usually

includes requirements determination, requirements analysis,

13 design, implementation, verification, and maintenance along

with one or more outcomes appropriate for each activity.

Mostly, software development can be described in

16 terms of structures, processes, and outcomes. Structure defines

the form and content of outcomes and supports the processes

we use to create them. Process refers to the mental and physical

19 activities we use to produce outcomes. Key to understanding

mental processes is the concept of leveling, which captures

how the behavior of more experienced developers differs from

22 less experienced developers. Outcomes are the things

produced. A software method is a complete

structure-process-outcome framework. Many such frameworks

25 are needed to support all the activities associated with software

development.

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Luke Hohmann. Journey of the software professional: a sociology of software

development. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall PTR, 1997, p. 33 (adapted).

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Considering the linguistic aspects and the ideas of text CB3A1AAA, judge the following items.

Verification and maintenance are associated outcomes in a structure of software methods.