ITA 2018 — Questão 5 · Língua Inglesa

As questões de 1 a 6 referem-se ao texto a seguir: GOODBYE THINGS, HELLO MINIMALISM: CAN LIVING WITH LESS MAKE YOU HAPPIER? Fumio Sasaki owns a roll-up mattress, three shirts and four pairs of socks. After deciding to scorn possessions, he began feeling happier. He explains why. 1 Let me tell you a bit about myself. I’m 35 years old, male, single, never been married. I work as an 2 editor at a publishing company. I recently moved from the Nakameguro neighbourhood in Tokyo, where I 3 lived for a decade, to a neighbourhood called Fudomae in a different part of town. The rent is cheaper, but 4 the move pretty much wiped out my savings. 5 Some of you may think that I’m a loser: an unmarried adult with not much money. The old me would 6 have been way too embarrassed to admit all this. I was filled with useless pride. But I honestly don’t care 7 about things like that any more. The reason is very simple: I’m perfectly happy just as I am. The reason? I got 8 rid of most of my material possessions. 9 Minimalism is a lifestyle in which you reduce your possessions to the least possible. Living with only 10 the bare essentials has not only provided superficial benefits such as the pleasure of a tidy room or the 11 simple ease of cleaning, it has also led to a more fundamental shift. It’s given me a chance to think about 12 what it really means to be happy. 13 We think that the more we have, the happier we will be. We never know what tomorrow might bring, so 14 we collect and save as much as we can. This means we need a lot of money, so we gradually start judging 15 people by how much money they have. You convince yourself that you need to make a lot of money so you 16 don’t miss out on success. And for you to make money, you need everyone else to spend their money. And 17 so it goes. 18 So I said goodbye to a lot of things, many of which I’d had for years. And yet now I live each day with a 19 happier spirit. I feel more content now than I ever did in the past. 20 I wasn’t always a minimalist. I used to buy a lot of things, believing that all those possessions would 21 increase my self-worth and lead to a happier life. I loved collecting a lot of useless stuff, and I couldn’t throw 22 anything away. I was a natural hoarder of knick-knacks that I thought made me an interesting person. 23 At the same time, though, I was always comparing myself with other people who had more or better 24 things, which often made me miserable. I couldn’t focus on anything, and I was always wasting time. Alcohol 25 was my escape, and I didn’t treat women fairly. I didn’t try to change; I thought this was all just part of who I 26 was, and I deserved to be unhappy. 27 My apartment wasn’t horribly messy; if my girlfriend was coming over for the weekend, I could do 28 enough tidying up to make it look presentable. On a usual day, however, there were books stacked 29 everywhere because there wasn’t enough room on my bookshelves. Most I had thumbed through once or 30 twice, thinking that I would read them when I had the time. 31 The closet was crammed with what used to be my favourite clothes, most of which I’d only worn a few 32 times. The room was filled with all the things I’d taken up as hobbies and then gotten tired of. A guitar and 33 amplifier, covered with dust. Conversational English workbooks I’d planned to study once I had more free 34 time. Even a fabulous antique camera, which of course I had never once put a roll of film in. 35 It may sound as if I’m exaggerating when I say I started to become a new person. Someone said to 36 me: “All you did is throw things away,” which is true. But by having fewer things around, I’ve started feeling 37 happier each day. I’m slowly beginning to understand what happiness is. 38 If you are anything like I used to be – miserable, constantly comparing yourself with others, or just 39 believing your life sucks – I think you should try saying goodbye to some of your things. […] Everyone wants 40 to be happy. But trying to buy happiness only makes us happy for a little while. Fonte: adaptado de <https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/apr/12/goodbye-things-hello-minimalism-can-living-with-lessmake- you-happier>. Acesso em: 21 mai. 2017. As palavras sublinhadas nos excertos da coluna I foram utilizadas tendo os referentes respectivamente indicados na coluna II. Coluna I I. ...it has also led to a more fundamental shift. (linha 11) II. …which often made me miserable. (linha 24) III. ...I would read them when I had the time. (linha 30) IV. …which of course I had never once … (linha 34) Coluna II living with only the bare essentials other people who had more or better things my bookshelves a fabulous antique camera Estão corretas